Common Side Effects: 2nd gen antipsychotic induced weight gain

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Introduction:

Weight gain is a common and troublesome side effect associated with second-generation antipsychotics (SGAs), which are extensively used in the management of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and other psychiatric conditions. The propensity to induce weight gain varies among SGAs, but the problem is prevalent enough to warrant close scrutiny. Understanding the pharmacological and physiological mechanisms involved can help clinicians make informed prescribing decisions and manage this side effect effectively.

The Pharmacology of SGAs and Weight Gain:

Second-generation antipsychotics work primarily by blocking dopamine D2 and serotonin 5-HT2A receptors in the brain, which helps reduce the positive symptoms of psychosis. However, many SGAs also have a high affinity for histamine H1 and muscarinic M3 receptors, both of which are implicated in weight gain.